Clean mouth, clear mind

Researchers at West Virginia University have found a clean mouth may help to preserve memory.

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has awarded a $1.3 million grant over four years to build on studies linking gum disease with mild to moderate memory loss.

‘Older people might want to know there’s more reason to keep their mouths clean – to brush and floss – than ever,’ said Richard Crout DMD PhD, an expert on gum disease and associate dean for research in the WVU School of Dentistry. ‘You’ll not only be more likely to keep your teeth, but you’ll also reduce your risk of heart attack, stroke and memory loss.’

The research team will look at health records spanning many years of several thousand Americans.

‘This could have great implications for health of our aging populations,’ Dr Crout said. ‘With rates of Alzheimer’s sky-rocketing, imagine the benefits of knowing that keeping the mouth free of infection could cut down on cases of dementia.’

The research builds on an ongoing study of West Virginians aged 70 and older. Working with the WVU School of Medicine, School of Dentistry researchers have given oral exams and memory tests to 270 elderly people in more than a dozen West Virginia counties.

Funded by a $419,000 two-year grant, they have discovered that about 23% of the group suffers from mild to moderate memory loss.

‘If you have a gum infection, you’ll have an increased level of inflammatory by-products,’ explained Dr Crout. ‘We’re looking for markers in the blood that show inflammation to see if there is a link to memory problems. We’d like to go full circle and do an intervention – to clean up some of the problems in the mouth and then see if the inflammatory markers go down.’

In the future, dentists may routinely administer memory tests to their older patients, he said.

‘A dentist may see a long-time, older patient with an area of the mouth that’s showing signs of inflammation because of not being properly cleaned daily,’ Dr Crout continued. ‘Many times we as clinicians, however, don’t think of this as due to a memory problem. The patient may not be flossing or brushing properly as we have instructed they should, and this research indicates that the problem may be due to memory loss as opposed to non-compliance.’